Washington, D.C. — May 24, 2025 — In a move aimed at accelerating nuclear innovation, former President Donald J. Trump signed an Executive Order to reform internal procedures at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), focusing on the testing and development of advanced nuclear reactor technologies.
The directive seeks to streamline the process of building and operating test reactors, particularly under the jurisdiction of DOE. It clarifies that advanced reactors built and operated under DOE control are considered research projects, enabling the department to retain regulatory oversight and simplify approval processes.
Key Provisions
Under the order, the Secretary of Energy is tasked with issuing new guidance to define “qualified test reactors” and with accelerating the application and review process for such facilities. DOE is expected to revise its internal regulations and procedures to enable operational test reactors within two years of completed applications.
The order also mandates the creation of a pilot program for constructing and operating at least three advanced reactors outside of National Laboratories but still under DOE oversight. These reactors are expected to reach operational criticality by July 4, 2026.
To further facilitate the process, the DOE is directed to reduce delays caused by environmental review processes, with specific emphasis on internal authorizations and permits.
Supporting Innovation and Energy Security
The Executive Order emphasizes the historical role of the United States in the development of civilian nuclear energy and expresses concern over a decline in domestic innovation due to regulatory burdens. It notes that while the U.S. was a pioneer in nuclear technology, leadership in building next-generation reactors has increasingly shifted to other countries.
The order highlights the broad potential applications for advanced reactors, including powering data centers, supporting microchip and hydrogen production, and serving industries such as healthcare and desalination.
By enhancing DOE’s control over experimental nuclear technologies, the administration aims to provide a clearer regulatory path for innovators and reduce delays in moving from concept to demonstration.
Broader Energy Strategy
The Executive Order aligns with the broader energy strategy advanced by the former administration, which emphasizes the use of all reliable energy sources — including nuclear, fossil fuels, and emerging technologies — to achieve energy independence and economic growth.
The directive follows the earlier declaration of a National Energy Emergency intended to reduce bureaucratic constraints and reassert U.S. leadership in energy production.
